Free Resources / Standards & Library
Universal Design
A quick reference for accessible architecture, compiled mainly from the US ADA 2010 Standards and common Universal Design practice. Figures are rounded reference values, not verbatim code text.
For projects in India, verify every figure against NBC 2016 Part 3 and the 2021 Harmonised Guidelines and Space Standards for a Barrier-Free Built Environment, which govern locally and differ in places. This page is a study aid, not a substitute for the applicable accessibility code or a licensed professional.
Accessible Ramps & Gradients
Reference: ADA 2010 Standards, rounded. Verify NBC 2016 / Harmonised Guidelines 2021 for India.
Maximum Ramp Gradient
The universally accepted maximum slope for an unassisted wheelchair user over a short run (max 9m / 30ft).
Preferred Ramp Gradient
Easier to navigate independently. Slopes gentler than 1:20 are typically considered regular pathways, not ramps.
Resting Platforms
Required at the top and bottom of ramps, at every change in direction, and every 9m of ramp run.
Wheelchair Clearances
Reference: ADA 2010 Standards, rounded. Verify NBC 2016 / Harmonised Guidelines 2021 for India.
Full Turning Radius
Minimum space required for a 360-degree turn in a manual wheelchair.
Accessible Corridor Width
1500mm allows two wheelchairs to pass each other.
Doorway Clear Width
Measured from the face of the door to the stop when open at 90 degrees.
Accessible Washrooms
Reference: ADA 2010 Standards, rounded. Verify NBC 2016 / Harmonised Guidelines 2021 for India.
Grab Bar Height
Height above the finished floor for horizontal grab bars.
WC Seat Height
Height matching a standard wheelchair seat for easier lateral transfers.
Sink Knee Clearance
Minimum clear space under the sink to allow a wheelchair to pull up closely.
Check Your Geometry
Use the calculators to sanity-check your ramps and staircases against these reference values. Final compliance always comes from the applicable code clause.